Loom with swinging hook bab



15, 1952 w. PRUlTT EI'AL 2,603,241

LOOM WITH SWINGING HOOK BAR Filed Dec. 30, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG! INVENTORS WILL/S PRU/T7 RICHARD R. POPE ihwyw A TT'DRNf Y July 15, 1952 w. PRUlTT ETAL LOOM WITH SWINGING HOOK BAR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 50, 1949 INVENTORS WILL/S PRU! T7 I 1 QUEL 1 RICHARD R. POPE Patented July 15, 1952 LOOM WITH SWINGING- HOOK BAR Willis Pruitt, Attalla, and Richard R. Pope,-Boaz, Ala., assignors to Benjamin Kahn, Gadsden,

Ala.

Application December 30, 1949, Serial No. 136,043

3 Claims. (01. 139-48) The present invention relates to looms adapted to weave terry or cut pile fabrics.

In co-pending application Serial No. 123,545, filed October 26, 1949, now-Patent No. 2,547,824, granted April 3, 1951, there is disclosed a loom of the character set forth above in which a reciprocable carriage, carrying a set of hooks, is periodically displaced from an inoperative into a thread engaging position in which the hooks engage certain warp threads to draw them into loops, the latter being then firmly anchored in the fabric by one or more traverses of the shuttle occurring while the carriage is retracted in inoperative position. In the particular form of machine disclosed, the carriage is normally held in its inoperative position by a retaining mechanism controlled in suitable manner, e. g. from a dobby-operated harness lever, so as to become automatically inoperative in timed relationship with the movements of the lay or batten so that, during certain reciprocations of the lay, the carriage is enabled to carry out a similar reciprocatory movement at the end of which it returns to its inoperative position. The release of the carriage from its retaining mechanism and its restoration to inoperative position is effected by' the lay itself and springs are provided which, upon each such release, cause the carriage to follow the movement of the lay for a single reciprocatory cycle.

An object of the present invention is to provide, in a loom similar to the one described above, means for more positively displacing a hookcarrying member at intervals properly timed in relation to the movement of the lay.

Another object of this invention is to provide, in a loom of the character set forth, means for reciprocating a hook bar with respect to the threads of a fabric in such mannerv as to avoid obstruction, by the hook bar and associated mechanism, of large parts of the portion of fabric just completed, thereby enabling the operator to detect irregularities without undue waste of time and materials.

A further object of the instant invention is to provide a more compact mechanism for reciprocating a hook bar which will not materially add to the over-all dimensions of a conventional loom to be thus equipped.

Still another object of the invention is to provide novel feed means for advancing the pile warp to be drawn into loops by the hook bar.

To accomplish the above objects, and others which will subsequently appear, the invention provides, essentially, a hook bar SWingably 2 mounted for reciprocating movement relative to the pile warp threads, and mechanism for reciprocating' the hook bar at predetermined intervals in timed relation to the movements of the lay. V

The invention will be described with reference to a preferred embodiment, shown in the accompanying drawing, in-which: I

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a loom according to the invention; I a

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation, on a larger scale, of part of the loom illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, showing the hook bar'and its reciprocating mechanism in operative and inoperative position; and

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the assembly shown in Fig. 3.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a machine 20 comprising a frame 2| whereon are supported the various elements of a conventional horizontal loom of the Northrop type, including the warp beam 22, the take-up roll 23, guide rollers 24, 25, 26, the lay 21 pivotally supported by its swords 42, M2 on a shaft 28, a set of dobbies 29 co-operating with harness levers 30 for selectively operating various harnesses such as shown at 3|a, 3 lb, 3 lo, these harnesses being controlled through wires 33a, 33b, 33c passing over rollers 34a, 34b, 34c, and a motor (not shown) which actuates all of these elements in a manner well known per se. Weft threads, supplied from suitable spools (not shown), form fillings |0 in the shed which in turn is formed by two sets of warp threads 90a and 90b, these warp threads passing from the beam 22 over guide rollers 24, 25, around rails 89, through the heddles of harnesses 3|a, 3|b, respectively, through the reed of the lay 21 and, after having been turned into a fabric 38, around guide roller 26 and deflection roller H2 to the take-up roll 23.

A continuously rotating cam shaft 4|, serving to impart motion to the picker sticks 32, I32 in a conventional manner not further illustrated, carries a pinion 43 which drives, via an idler gear 44 mounted on a stud shaft 45, a gear 46 which is fixed to a timing shaft 41, the latter carrying a pairof cams 48, I43 (see also Figs. 3 and 4). I49, each held between two parallel arms of a respective lever 50, I50, ride these cams to impart an intermittent oscillatory motion to the levers 50, I50 which are pivoted at 5|, |5| to a respective projection 52, I5 of the frame 2|; these two levers are of S-shaped configuration and are A pair of rollers or cam followers 49,

' and rests on a cam IOI fixed to the shaft 6|.

ends of its breast beam 46, respectively support a" pair of bearings 60, I60 having shortshafts, 64;,

I6 I journaled therein. Levers 51, I51 are pivotally mo nted on standards 59; I59 at 62 I62 Each of these levers is connected over a respective link 63, I63 to an arm 64, I64 respectively keyed to shafts 6!, Nil. 'llheearms; 51; I51; 64:

and I64 consist each of a pair of parallel mem bers, similar to levers 50, I50, as best seerr in Fig. 1.

Depending from and keyed. to the shafts 61,

"IGl are a; pair of swinging: arms 66'; I65 which are interconnected by a beam 66; the elements 65'; I655 66 togetherconstituting a support-'15for a hook bar 10, carrying a set of hooks I05, which issecuredto the beam 66 The books I may be of the character described in theaboveidentified application,- orin applications Serial Nos; l29 572-and 1295573,- filed November 26; 1949,

and are shown to comprise a bill portion I06, lying substantially in the horizontal plane, and averti- Supported on a pairof uprightssuch as IBI, which rise from the rear of the frame 2I', are a feedroller 93; a cO Operating presser roller 84,

a guide: plate 85 and a deflecting roller 06, as well as a pair of'br-ackets such as- I82 inwhich there are journaled two further rollers 15, 11. Guide plate 85 is provided with apertures 61 throughwhich pass-respective-thread's 90c, rep-- rsentingthe pilewarpfromwhich the loops, are to; beformed. The threads 960, which may be somewhat" heavier than theground warp 96a,

9.0b-and which aresupplied by separate spools or the like, not shown, enterbetween the feed roller 89 and the presser roller- 84, thence pass around rollers 16 and 11 which cause them to 'travelalonga short horizontalrun on which they traverse the eyes of individual riders 18 forming part' of a stop-motion arrangement, and after passing; around roller BBand guide rails89 enter the heddles of" harness 3Ic; Thesethreads,

therefore; form part of the shed 90. previously referred to.

Mounted on the shaft 9| of feed roller 83- is a gear 92 which meshes with another gear 93 "mounted on a stud shaft'94. A block 95', loosely pivoted on the stud shaft 94, carries a pawl 96 which ispivoted tothe block 95- at' 91. Pawl 96 -co-operates with a ratchet 98, fixed to the stud shaft 94 so as to berigid withgear 93, and is held in contact with the teeth of the ratchet by'means of a suitable spring (not shown). The end of roller 83 opposite gear 92 is embraced by thejaws'of a'brake member 89 which is pivoted to'the frame 21 at 88 and frictionally engages the roller 83 to prevent overrunning and maintain the threads 900 at a certain tension.

A rod I06 extends forwardly from the block 95 A spring I02, secured to brace member 61 of the frame 2-I of which only the companion member I61 isshown in Fig. 2, acts upon the rod I00 to maintain its front endincontact with the peripheryofthecam IOI.

The cam shaft 4I also carries, in addition to pinion 43, a gear 68 which meshes with another gear 69, the ratio of the teeth of these two gears being 2:1. Gear 69 sits on a crank shaft H which oscillates the lay 21 by means of connecting rods 12, I12 engaging the lay swords 42, I42. It will thus be seen that the lay executes two reciprocating movements duringeach rotation of cam shaft M and, with the number of teeth of gear 46 being n times that of the pinion 43, the timing shaft 41 completes a rotation after the lay has oscillated 2n times. Each of the cams 48, I48 is formed with a depression, shown at I14 for the cam I48 (Fig. 2), which is positioned to register with the corresponding roller 49, I49 at a time when the lay 21 is in its retracted position shown in:Fig 3 -and:infull. lines in Fig. 2.

The. operation of the mechanism described above is as follows:

Normally, i. e. when the rollers 49, I49 ride the; circularportions-cf the peripheries of their respective cams 48'; I48, the linkages 50, 56, 51, 63, 64. and. I50, I56, I51 I63; I64 are in the position shown in Fig; 2. and in dotted. lines in Fig. 3; The carriage. 15listhen in its at rest or inoperative position, alsoshown in Fig. 2 and in dotted lines in Fig. 3., In this position of the carriage,. the hooks I05. are. moved out of the path. of? the. warp threadswhich form the shed 9'6,rising and falling: under. the control of their harnesses 3m, 3Ib and 31s.. After a number of traverses: 0;". the. shuttle (not. shown) to. pro duce the fillings II.0, followed by the beating-up motion of the lay 21 which oscillates, between its two positions shown in full and in dotted lines Fig. 2, the peripheral depressions of the cam 48; I 43 approach the riders: 49, I49, whereupon springs 53, I532 drawthe levers 50, I upwards intothe position illustrated. in full lines in Fig.

3i Hookbar 1.6. is thereby swung into its rearale-raises the threads 900 above the highest poltions into loops which by the subsequent traverses of the shuttle become firmly anchored in the fabric 38. It may be noted that, inasmuch as the restoring movement of the hook bar 10 is effected bya displacementof the rollers 49,

I49 through the respective cams associated therewith, any collision between the hooks I05 and the reed of the lay 21 will be positively prevented.

When the support 15 and its operating link- --age are in their normal position, the rod' I00 rests on the highest point of its cam IOI as illustrated in Fig. 2. When the hook bar is now rotated. cam IOI rotates with it and allows spring I02 to pull the rod I00 down, thereby causing the pawl 96-. to pass freely over a number of teeth of ratchet 98. As the hook bar returns to its normal position, the rod I06 is raised by the cam IN and causes the pawl 96 to rotate the ratchet 98 counterclockwise. as viewed in Fig.2,

thereby entraining the gears 93, 92 as well as the feed roller 83 to imp-art a positive feeding movement to the threads 9130 during the time when they are entrained by the hooks I05. It may be mentioned that between movements of the hook bar, i. e. when no loops are being formed, the feeding movement of the fabric (due to rotation of rollers 26 and 23) also en trains the pile warp threads 99c, causing roller 83 to rotate in such sense that ratchet 98 passes unhindered under the tip of pawl $5. The threads 900 are thus held under a substantially invariable tension which, in the absence of a defect causing a break in one or more of the threads, will prevent their riders 18 from drop ping to actuate the stop-motion arrangement.

It will, of course, be understood that each hook 185, when the hook bar HI swings inwardly toward the lay 27, drops the loop previously formed thereon before again engaging a thread 990; this dropping may be accomplished by letting the loop slide off the bill portion 106 or by cutting the loop in two, depending on whether it is desired to form terry or cut pile fabrics.

Although a single embodiment of the invention has been particularly disclosed, it should be understood that the description thereof has been given merely by way of illustration and that the same may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of th invention within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A machine for making fabrics with loops thereon, comprising sources of warp threads, continuously operable mechanism for weaving said warp threads into a fabric, said mechanism including .a reciprocating lay and harness means for shedding said warp threads, a hook support swingably mounted forwardly of said lay forengaging said cam follower to resist the action of said spring means and being formed with a depressed portion permitting movement of said lever in the spring urged direction only during a selected interval of the rotation of said cam, and means rotating said cam in synchronism with said continuously operable mechanism so that said selected interval occurs only during certain of the reciprocations of said lay.

2. A machine according to claim 1, wherein said continuously operable mechanism includes a cam shaft, a crank shaft, transmission means driven by said cam shaft to rotate said crank shaft at twice the speed of said cam shaft, and link means coupling said lay with said crank shaft; and wherein said means rotating said cam is driven by said cam shaft and effects rotation of said cam at a fraction of the rotative speed of said crank shaft.

3. A machine according to claim 1; wherein said hook support includes a rock shaft concentric with the axis of movement of the support; and further comprising feed means for said certain warp threads including a pair of rollers between which said certain warp threads extend, one of said rollers constituting a feed roller and having ratchet means coupled therewith, pawl means displaceable in two directions relative to said ratchet means for entrainment of the latter upon displacement of said pawl means in one of said two directions only, an actuating lever carrying said pawl means, and a cam fixed on said rock shaft to engage said actuating lever so that said pawl means isdisplaced in step with the movements of said'hook support.

WILLIS PRUI'IT. RICHARD R. POPE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 608,226 Sargent et al. Aug. 2, 1898 2,353,968 Pedrazzo July 18, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 12,671 Great Britain of 1849 273,059 Great Britain June 80, 1927 

